Van den Stock Dominic (1), Neels Hedwig (2)

(1) University of Antwerpen, MOVANT, (2) University of Antwerpen, MOVANT & ASTARC. Antwerp University Hospital, Gynaecology and Obstetrics

Purpose 

As cycling gains popularity in women, there is a growing need for female specific information.  A systematic literature review revealed that sexual dysfunction, genital pain and numbness are common in female cyclists. However, more information is needed in order to increase awareness about these complaints. The objective is to identify the prevalence of pain,  swelling of the labia, numbness/ tingling, and skin irritation in the genital area. Moreover, the impact of these complaints on the quality of life, sexual functioning and cycling performance, and which preventive actions women undertake, will be explored. 

Methods 

An observational, cross-sectional study, using an online survey. Adult recreational or professional female cyclists were recruited through social media, and cycling clubs. 

Demographic data was collected. Information about depilation habits, anatomy of the labia, cycling behaviour, habits and discipline, average distance per week, saddle type, clothing was collected. Genital pain, swelling of the labia, genital tingling/numbness and skin irritation, were explored in detail (duration, intensity and impact/burden). Preventive and curative modalities were mapped.    

Results

In total, 620 women were included (mean age 37,4 (SD = 11.2); mean BMI 23,7 (SD = 3.7)). Most (85%) were recreational cyclists, 15% competitive or professional cyclists. Road cycling (n 557), mountain biking (n 174) and gravel (n 123) were the most popular disciplines. 

96% (n 595) of the women had experienced at least one of the genital complaints, with genital pain (89%) being the most prevalent, succeeded by skin irritation (71%), genital tingling or numbness (47%) and swelling of the labia (42%). 

Skin irritation and swelling of the labia had the most impact on female cyclists. A score of ≥ 6/10 was given by 68% and 54%, respectively. About half of the women (n 298) experience sexual dysfunction, such as pain (n 193) and less frequent sexual interaction (n 144). Moreover, 28% of women cycle less frequently due to the complaints. Feelings of frustration (n 267) and embarrassment (n 123) were common.

Women seek help online or from Bikefit experts. However, the majority of the participants did not seek help (45%). Adjusting posture while cycling (57%), wearing padded shorts (55%), changing the type of saddle (44%) and using chamois cream (40%) were mentioned to prevent complaints. Of those listed above, changing the type of saddle (79%), wearing padded shorts (72%) and chamois cream (69%) were the most effective. But, 60% of them were still experiencing complaints at the current moment. 

Conclusion 

The majority of female cyclists experience genital problems, with pain, saddle sores and skin irritation being the most prevalent. The complaints seem to have a significant impact on mental health and sexual function, and are the reason why one third of women refrains from cycling. These preliminary insights may be useful to break the taboo and increase the awareness about common but intimate complaints. 

Disclosure(s): ‘The authors have nothing to disclose’.